Macbeth Character Revision Notes (GCSE)

Side note: all these images have been made with the aid of A.I. and any resemblance to any actual persons is purely coincidental

Macbeth

  • Main character
  • Initially a brave and loyal warrior for the King of Scotland
  • Driven by ambition and a desire for power
  • Murders King Duncan (between Act 2 Scene 1 & Act 2 Scene 2)
  • Becomes a ruthless and tyrannical ruler, consumed by guilt and paranoia
  • Killed by Macduff in Act 5 Scene 8 

Lady Macbeth

  • Wife of Macbeth.
  • Encourages her husband to kill King Duncan
  • Cold and calculating, and able to manipulate Macbeth into committing the murder.
  • Eventually consumed by guilt and driven mad by the consequences of her actions 
  • News of her death reaches Macbeth in Act 5 Scene 5

Banquo

  • Brave and honorable warrior who serves alongside Macbeth.
  • Best friend of Macbeth, but is wary of his ambition and desire for power.
  • Witnesses the witches’ prophecy who say that his descendants will be kings.
  • Killed in Act 3 scene 3 by assassins hired by Macbeth 
  • Banquo’s ghost haunts Macbeth during banquet scene (Act 3 Scene 4) 
  • Banquo is a foil to Macbeth, highlighting the latter’s moral descent and corruption.

The Witches

  • Supernatural evil beings also known as the “weird sisters” 
  • Depicted as dark and malevolent, with the ability to predict the future and influence events
  • First appear to Macbeth and Banquo on a heath (Act 1 Scene 3) where they tell Macbeth he will become the King of Scotland and Banquo’s descendants will be kings.
  • Represent darkness and chaos that Macbeth unleashes by choosing to follow his ambition

King Duncan

  • Rightful King of Scotland.
  • Good and just ruler, who is well-respected by his subjects.
  • Rewards Macbeth and Banquo for their bravery in battle by giving them titles and lands.
  • Trusts Macbeth and sees him as a loyal and brave subject.
  • Naive and unaware of the danger that Macbeth poses to his throne.
  • Eventually murdered by Macbeth, who becomes the new king of Scotland.
  • The murder of Duncan marks the beginning of Macbeth’s descent into tyranny and madness.

Macduff

  • A nobleman and warrior in Scotland.
  • Loyal to King Duncan and is deeply shocked and saddened by Duncan’s murder.
  • One of key figures in the resistance against Macbeth’s tyrannical rule.
  • Brave and honorable character, who is willing to stand up against injustice and fight for what is right.
  • Driven by a personal desire for revenge, as Macbeth orders the murder of Macduff’s wife and children.
  • Eventually confronts and defeats Macbeth in single combat, bringing an end to Macbeth’s rule and restoring order to Scotland.

Prince Malcolm

  • Son of King Duncan and the prince of Scotland.
  • After Duncan’s murder, Malcolm flees to England to seek help in overthrowing Macbeth and reclaiming the throne.
  • Initially depicted as a weak and indecisive character, but he grows and matures over the course of the play.
  • Eventually returns to Scotland with an army to challenge Macbeth’s rule.
  • Malcolm is a strong and capable leader, who is willing to do whatever it takes to restore justice to Scotland.
  • Ultimately successful in defeating Macbeth and reclaiming the throne, becoming the new king of Scotland.